Ruby on Rails\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u7ba1\u7406\u306e\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002
\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u304b\u3089\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3001\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u958b\u767a\u3067\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u6cd5\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u521d\u5fc3\u8005\u304b\u3089\u30a8\u30ad\u30b9\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u307e\u3067\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u304c\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u3092\u304a\u5c4a\u3051\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3060\u3089\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u76ee\u6b21 <\/p>\n
Ruby on Rails\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002
\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u9032\u5316\u306b\u4f34\u3044\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u69cb\u9020\u3082\u5909\u66f4\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u518d\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306fRuby on Rails\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u958b\u767a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306f\u3001Ruby\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class CreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]\n def change\n create_table :users do |t|\n t.string :name\n t.string :email\n t.timestamps\n end\n end\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/i><\/span>\u4e0a\u8a18\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u89e3\u8aac<\/div><\/div>\n\n
- \u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d7<\/strong>: \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u540d<\/strong>: \u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u8868\u3059\u540d\u524d\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a
CreateUsers<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n- change\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9<\/strong>: \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6271\u3046\u4e0a\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n
\n
\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9<\/th> \u8aac\u660e<\/th> \u4f7f\u7528\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead> rails generate migration<\/code><\/td>\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u751f\u6210<\/td> \u65b0\u305f\u306a\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u4f5c\u6210\u3084\u65e2\u5b58\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u6642<\/td><\/tr> rails db:migrate<\/code><\/td>\u672a\u5b9f\u884c\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5b9f\u884c<\/td> \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u6642<\/td><\/tr> rails db:rollback<\/code><\/td>\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u305f\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u6d88\u3059<\/td> \u76f4\u524d\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u5143\u306b\u623b\u3057\u305f\u3044\u6642<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n \u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u3053\u306a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u7ba1\u7406\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306fActive Record\u3068\u5bc6\u63a5\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001Ruby\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001SQL\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u66f8\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u306a\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u7ba1\u7406\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
- \u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/li>\n\n\n\n
rails db:migrate<\/code>\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5b9f\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n\n- Active Record\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3078\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u9069\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u3066\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u3068\u5b9f\u884c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3088\u308a\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/i>\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u3068\u5b9f\u884c\uff1a\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
rails generate migration\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u306f\u3001
rails generate migration<\/code>\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u6587\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\nrails generate migration \u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u540d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044users\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
rails generate migration CreateUsers<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306f\u3001
db\/migrate<\/code>\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u306f\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d7\u304c\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u308a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u542b\u3081\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
rails generate migration AddEmailToUsers email:string<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306f\u3001users\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306bemail\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\uff08string\u578b\uff09\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u7de8\u96c6\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u7de8\u96c6\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
create_table<\/code>: \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/li>\n\n\n\nadd_column<\/code>: \u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0<\/li>\n\n\n\nremove_column<\/code>: \u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u524a\u9664<\/li>\n\n\n\nadd_index<\/code>: \u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0<\/li>\n\n\n\nchange_column<\/code>: \u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u5909\u66f4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066users\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class CreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]\n def change\n create_table :users do |t|\n t.string :name\n t.string :email\n t.boolean :admin, default: false\n t.timestamps\n end\n\n add_index :users, :email, unique: true\n end\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
change<\/code>\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3068\u53d6\u308a\u6d88\u3057\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u884c\u3046\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001up<\/code>\u3068down<\/code>\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\nrake db:migrate\u3067\u306e\u9069\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
rake db:migrate<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306f\u3001\u307e\u3060\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u9806\u756a\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u307e\u3067\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
rake db:migrate VERSION=20230915000000<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<\/i><\/span>\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/div><\/div>\n\n
- \u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5b9f\u884c\u524d\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u304a\u52e7\u3081\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u672c\u756a\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306f\u3001\u5341\u5206\u306a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u304b\u3089\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306e\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3066\u8a08\u753b\u7684\u306b\u884c\u3046\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u306b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4fee\u6b63\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u8df5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001Ruby on Rails\u3067\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u3068\u5b9f\u884c\u3092\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u6b21\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/i>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u5909\u66f4\uff1a\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3068\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ruby on Rails\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u67d4\u8edf\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3068\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u3068\u65e2\u5b58\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u5909\u66f4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001
create_table<\/code>\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\nclass CreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]\n def change\n create_table :products do |t|\n t.string :name, null: false\n t.text :description\n t.decimal :price, precision: 10, scale: 2\n t.boolean :active, default: true\n t.references :category, foreign_key: true\n\n t.timestamps\n end\n end\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u306f\u3001
products<\/code>\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3001\u5404\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u578b\u3068\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u3001\u5909\u66f4\u3001\u524a\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
- \u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0:
add_column<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n- \u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5909\u66f4:
change_column<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n- \u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u524a\u9664:
remove_column<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class UpdateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]\n def change\n add_column :products, :sku, :string, limit: 20\n change_column :products, :price, :decimal, precision: 12, scale: 2\n remove_column :products, :active, :boolean\n end\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u4e00\u62ec\u3067\u884c\u3046\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001
change_table<\/code>\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4fbf\u5229\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\nchange_table :products do |t|\n t.string :sku, limit: 20\n t.change :price, :decimal, precision: 12, scale: 2\n t.remove :active\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u5916\u90e8\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u3068\u524a\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class AddIndexToProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]\n def change\n add_index :products, :name\n add_index :products, [:category_id, :created_at]\n end\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f
remove_index<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\nremove_index :products, :name<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u5916\u90e8\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5916\u90e8\u30ad\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u305f\u3081\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class AddForeignKeyToProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]\n def change\n add_foreign_key :products, :categories\n end\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u5916\u90e8\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
remove_foreign_key :products, :categories<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\u3068\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
1. \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u578b\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u306b\u306f\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u578b\u3068\u4e92\u63db\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. \u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5909\u66f4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u30d0\u30c3\u30c1\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n3. \u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306a\u5909\u66f4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9650\u308a\u3001
change<\/code>\u30e1\u30bd\u30c3\u30c9\u5185\u3067\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u5143\u306b\u623b\u305b\u308b\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002
\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u5909\u66f4\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001reversible<\/code>\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\ndef change\n reversible do |dir|\n dir.up do\n # \u524d\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5909\u66f4\n end\n dir.down do\n # \u5f8c\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5909\u66f4\n end\n end\n end<\/pre>\n\n\n\n4. \u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u5f8c\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u5341\u5206\u306b\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. \u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u5909\u66f4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5909\u66f4\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u5206\u3051\u3066\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u8efd\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\u3092\u9069\u5207\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001Ruby on Rails\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u7ba1\u7406\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u6b21\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u6280\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u6280\u6cd5\uff1a\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u5b89\u5168\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ruby on Rails\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u5b89\u5168\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3067\u3059\u3002
\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u6280\u6cd5\u3092\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3001\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u304b\u3064\u5b89\u5168\u306b\u884c\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u5909\u63db\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5909\u63db\u3082\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u5909\u63db\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\nclass UpdateUserNames < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]\n def up\n add_column :users, :first_name, :string\n add_column :users, :last_name, :string\n\n User.reset_column_information\n User.find_each do |user|\n name_parts = user.name.split(' ')\n user.update(\n first_name: name_parts.first,\n last_name: name_parts.last\n )\n end\n\n remove_column :users, :name\n end\n\n def down\n add_column :users, :name, :string\n\n User.reset_column_information\n User.find_each do |user|\n user.update(name: \"#{user.first_name} #{user.last_name}\")\n end\n\n remove_column :users, :first_name\n remove_column :users, :last_name\n end\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001
name<\/code>\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u3092first_name<\/code>\u3068last_name<\/code>\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/i><\/span>