{"id":2034,"date":"2025-03-24T08:48:30","date_gmt":"2025-03-23T23:48:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dexall.co.jp\/articles\/?p=2034"},"modified":"2025-03-24T08:48:55","modified_gmt":"2025-03-23T23:48:55","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%ae%8c%e5%85%a8%e3%82%ac%e3%82%a4%e3%83%89%e3%80%91c-lower_bound%e3%81%ae%e4%bd%bf%e3%81%84%e6%96%b9%e3%81%a8%e5%ae%9f%e8%b7%b5%e3%83%86%e3%82%af%e3%83%8b%e3%83%83%e3%82%af10%e9%81%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dexall.co.jp\/articles\/?p=2034","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5b8c\u5168\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u3011C++ lower_bound\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3068\u5b9f\u8df5\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af10\u9078"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"toc\"><br \/>\n<b>Warning<\/b>:  Undefined array key \"is_admin\" in <b>\/home\/xs392991\/dexall.co.jp\/public_html\/articles\/wp-content\/themes\/sango-theme\/library\/gutenberg\/dist\/classes\/Toc.php<\/b> on line <b>116<\/b><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Warning<\/b>:  Undefined array key \"is_category_top\" in <b>\/home\/xs392991\/dexall.co.jp\/public_html\/articles\/wp-content\/themes\/sango-theme\/library\/gutenberg\/dist\/classes\/Toc.php<\/b> on line <b>121<\/b><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Warning<\/b>:  Undefined array key \"is_top\" in <b>\/home\/xs392991\/dexall.co.jp\/public_html\/articles\/wp-content\/themes\/sango-theme\/library\/gutenberg\/dist\/classes\/Toc.php<\/b> on line <b>128<\/b><br \/>\n    <div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"sgb-toc--bullets js-smooth-scroll\" data-dialog-title=\"\u76ee\u6b21\">\n      <p class=\"toc_title\">\u76ee\u6b21 <\/p>\n      <ul class=\"toc_list\">  <li class=\"first\">    <a href=\"#i-0\">C++ lower_bound \u3068\u306f\uff1f \u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u5473\u65b9<\/a>    <ul class=\"menu_level_1\">      <li class=\"first\">        <a href=\"#i-1\">\u6a19\u6e96\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\u6a5f\u80fd<\/a>      <\/li>      <li class=\"last\">        <a href=\"#i-2\">lower_bound\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u91cf<\/a>      <\/li>    <\/ul>  <\/li>  <li>    <a href=\"#i-3\">lower_bound\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3092\u30de\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3059\u308b<\/a>    <ul class=\"menu_level_1\">      <li class=\"first\">        <a href=\"#i-4\">\u914d\u5217\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/a>      <\/li>      <li>        <a href=\"#i-5\">\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u6d3b\u7528\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af<\/a>      <\/li>      <li class=\"last\">        <a href=\"#i-6\">\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>      <\/li>    <\/ul>  <\/li>  <li>    <a href=\"#i-7\">\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306alower_bound\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3<\/a>    <ul class=\"menu_level_1\">      <li class=\"first\">        <a href=\"#i-8\">\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u914d\u5217\u3067\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5316<\/a>      <\/li>      <li>        <a href=\"#i-9\">\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>      <\/li>      <li class=\"last\">        <a href=\"#i-10\">\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u4f7f\u7528\u6cd5<\/a>      <\/li>    <\/ul>  <\/li>  <li>    <a href=\"#i-11\">\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9<\/a>    <ul class=\"menu_level_1\">      <li class=\"first\">        <a href=\"#i-12\">\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5316<\/a>      <\/li>      <li class=\"last\">        <a href=\"#i-13\">\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30d5\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30fc\u306a\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>      <\/li>    <\/ul>  <\/li>  <li>    <a href=\"#i-14\">\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u30d0\u30b0\u3068\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>    <ul class=\"menu_level_1\">      <li class=\"first\">        <a href=\"#i-15\">\u7bc4\u56f2\u6307\u5b9a\u30df\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30bb\u30b0\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8<\/a>      <\/li>      <li class=\"last\">        <a href=\"#i-16\">\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u30df\u30b9\u3068\u5bfe\u51e6\u6cd5<\/a>      <\/li>    <\/ul>  <\/li>  <li class=\"last\">    <a href=\"#i-17\">\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308bSTL\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051<\/a>    <ul class=\"menu_level_1\">      <li class=\"first\">        <a href=\"#i-18\">upper_bound\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3068\u6d3b\u7528\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8<\/a>      <\/li>      <li class=\"last\">        <a href=\"#i-19\">binary_search\u3068equal_range\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3<\/a>      <\/li>    <\/ul>  <\/li><\/ul>\n      <a href=\"#\" class=\"sgb-toc-button js-toc-button\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-open-dialog=\"true\"><i class=\"fa fa-list\"><\/i><span class=\"sgb-toc-button__text\">\u76ee\u6b21\u3078<\/span><\/a>\n    <\/div><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-0\">C++ lower_bound \u3068\u306f\uff1f \u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u5473\u65b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-1\">\u6a19\u6e96\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306f\u3001C++\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\uff08STL\uff09\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7bc4\u56f2\u304b\u3089\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5024\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u6700\u521d\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u898b\u3064\u3051\u51fa\u3059\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u52d5\u4f5c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8fd4\u5374<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u88c5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\nint main() {\n    \/\/ \u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u30d9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; numbers = {10, 20, 30, 30, 40, 50};\n\n    \/\/ \u502430\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u63a2\u3059\n    auto it = std::lower_bound(numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), 30);\n\n    \/\/ \u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u8868\u793a\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Position: \" &lt;&lt; (it - numbers.begin()) &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    \/\/ Output: Position: 2\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-2\">lower_bound\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306f\u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u5b9f\u88c5\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8a08\u7b97\u91cf\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-50fc96f5-3b19-4c04-a1ad-d3dc447a57c5\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u7279\u6027<\/th><th>\u8a73\u7d30<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u6642\u9593\u8a08\u7b97\u91cf<\/td><td>O(log n)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7a7a\u9593\u8a08\u7b97\u91cf<\/td><td>O(1)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6<\/td><td>\u5bfe\u8c61\u7bc4\u56f2\u304c\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u63a2\u7d22\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u5024\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u63a2\u7d22\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u534a\u5206\u306b\u7e2e\u5c0f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u308b\u307e\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u306a\u5b9f\u88c5\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">template&lt;class ForwardIt, class T&gt;\nForwardIt lower_bound(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T&amp; value) {\n    ForwardIt it;\n    typename std::iterator_traits&lt;ForwardIt&gt;::difference_type count, step;\n    count = std::distance(first, last);\n\n    \/\/ \u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\n    while (count &gt; 0) {\n        it = first;\n        step = count \/ 2;\n        std::advance(it, step);\n\n        if (*it &lt; value) {\n            first = ++it;\n            count -= step + 1;\n        } else {\n            count = step;\n        }\n    }\n    return first;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>key points:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5e38\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u884c\u3046\uff08\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u9593\u306e\u3070\u3089\u3064\u304d\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6bd4\u8f03\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u306e\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\u304c\u53ef\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u578b\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u8fd4\u3059<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306f\u7279\u306b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u9762\u3067\u5a01\u529b\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u306e\u691c\u7d22<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u91cd\u8907\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u306e\u691c\u7d22<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7bc4\u56f2\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30ad\u30fc\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\u306e\u691c\u7d22<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u3001\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u691c\u7d22\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u9762\u3067\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u91cd\u5b9d\u3059\u308bSTL\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-3\">lower_bound\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3092\u30de\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-4\">\u914d\u5217\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306f\u914d\u5217\u3067\u3082\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\nint main() {\n    \/\/ \u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u914d\u5217\n    int arr[] = {10, 20, 30, 30, 40, 50};\n    int n = sizeof(arr) \/ sizeof(arr[0]);\n\n    \/\/ \u914d\u5217\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\n    int* pos = std::lower_bound(arr, arr + n, 30);\n\n    \/\/ \u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Index: \" &lt;&lt; (pos - arr) &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    \/\/ Output: Index: 2\n\n    \/\/ \u91cd\u8981\uff1a\u914d\u5217\u304c\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u306a\u3044\n    int unsorted[] = {30, 10, 40, 20};  \/\/ NG: \u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\n    \/\/ \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306f\u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\n    \/\/ std::lower_bound(unsorted, unsorted + 4, 30);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u914d\u5217\u304c\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u78ba\u8a8d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u914d\u5217\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u6307\u5b9a\u306b\u306f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u5fc5\u8981<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u6f14\u7b97\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u53d6\u5f97<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-5\">\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u6d3b\u7528\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306f\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u306e\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u5171\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;set&gt;\n#include &lt;list&gt;\n#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n\nint main() {\n    \/\/ \u30d9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; vec = {10, 20, 30, 30, 40};\n    auto vec_it = std::lower_bound(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 30);\n\n    \/\/ \u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\uff08\u3088\u308a\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\uff09\n    std::set&lt;int&gt; set = {10, 20, 30, 30, 40};\n    auto set_it = set.lower_bound(30);  \/\/ std::lower_bound\u3088\u308a\u52b9\u7387\u7684\n\n    \/\/ \u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\n    std::list&lt;int&gt; lst = {10, 20, 30, 30, 40};\n    auto lst_it = std::lower_bound(lst.begin(), lst.end(), 30);\n\n    \/\/ \u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u305f\u691c\u7d22\n    auto partial_it = std::lower_bound(vec.begin(), vec.begin() + 3, 20);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u306e\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-18c626d2-4664-47f7-9484-fa09b1533532\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca<\/th><th>\u63a8\u5968\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>vector<\/td><td>std::lower_bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>array<\/td><td>std::lower_bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>set<\/td><td>\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u95a2\u6570lower_bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>map<\/td><td>\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u95a2\u6570lower_bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>list<\/td><td>std::lower_bound\uff08\u305f\u3060\u3057\u6027\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-6\">\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306f\u3001\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u691c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u69cb\u9020\u4f53\nstruct Person {\n    std::string name;\n    int age;\n\n    \/\/ \u6bd4\u8f03\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\n    bool operator&lt;(const Person&amp; other) const {\n        return age &lt; other.age;\n    }\n};\n\n\/\/ \u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\nbool compareByAge(const Person&amp; p, int age) {\n    return p.age &lt; age;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector&lt;Person&gt; people = {\n        {\"Alice\", 20},\n        {\"Bob\", 25},\n        {\"Charlie\", 30},\n        {\"David\", 30},\n        {\"Eve\", 35}\n    };\n\n    \/\/ \u65b9\u6cd51: \u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\n    Person searchKey{\"\", 30};\n    auto it1 = std::lower_bound(people.begin(), people.end(), searchKey);\n\n    \/\/ \u65b9\u6cd52: \u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\n    auto it2 = std::lower_bound(\n        people.begin(), people.end(),\n        30,\n        compareByAge\n    );\n\n    \/\/ \u65b9\u6cd53: \u30e9\u30e0\u30c0\u5f0f\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\n    auto it3 = std::lower_bound(\n        people.begin(), people.end(),\n        30,\n        [](const Person&amp; p, int age) { return p.age &lt; age; }\n    );\n\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Found: \" &lt;&lt; it2-&gt;name &lt;&lt; \", age: \" &lt;&lt; it2-&gt;age &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    \/\/ Output: Found: Charlie, age: 30\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u306e\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u5f31\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8fd4\u3059<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u305f\u5b9f\u88c5\u3092\u5fc3\u304c\u3051\u308b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3092\u62bc\u3055\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001<code>lower_bound<\/code>\u3092\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u6d3b\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-7\">\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306alower_bound\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-8\">\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u914d\u5217\u3067\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u691c\u7d22\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u3001\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;chrono&gt;\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u5927\u898f\u6a21\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u306e\u691c\u7d22\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u6bd4\u8f03\nvoid performance_comparison(const std::vector&lt;int&gt;&amp; data, int search_value) {\n    auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();\n\n    \/\/ \u7dda\u5f62\u63a2\u7d22\n    auto linear_result = std::find(data.begin(), data.end(), search_value);\n\n    auto linear_end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();\n\n    \/\/ lower_bound\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e8c\u5206\u63a2\u7d22\n    auto binary_result = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.end(), search_value);\n\n    auto binary_end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();\n\n    auto linear_time = std::chrono::duration_cast&lt;std::chrono::microseconds&gt;\n        (linear_end - start).count();\n    auto binary_time = std::chrono::duration_cast&lt;std::chrono::microseconds&gt;\n        (binary_end - linear_end).count();\n\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Linear search time: \" &lt;&lt; linear_time &lt;&lt; \"\u03bcs\\n\";\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Binary search time: \" &lt;&lt; binary_time &lt;&lt; \"\u03bcs\\n\";\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7bc4\u56f2\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u4f8b\nstd::vector&lt;int&gt; range_search(const std::vector&lt;int&gt;&amp; data, int lower, int upper) {\n    auto start = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.end(), lower);\n    auto end = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.end(), upper);\n\n    return std::vector&lt;int&gt;(start, end);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-9\">\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9f\u52d9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u578b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u591a\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;string&gt;\n#include &lt;memory&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u30ed\u30b0\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u3092\u8868\u3059\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\nclass LogEntry {\npublic:\n    enum class Level { DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR };\n\n    LogEntry(Level level, std::string message, std::chrono::system_clock::time_point timestamp)\n        : level_(level), message_(message), timestamp_(timestamp) {}\n\n    Level getLevel() const { return level_; }\n    const std::string&amp; getMessage() const { return message_; }\n    std::chrono::system_clock::time_point getTimestamp() const { return timestamp_; }\n\nprivate:\n    Level level_;\n    std::string message_;\n    std::chrono::system_clock::time_point timestamp_;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u30ed\u30b0\u691c\u7d22\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\nclass LogSystem {\npublic:\n    void addLog(LogEntry::Level level, const std::string&amp; message) {\n        auto entry = LogEntry(level, message, std::chrono::system_clock::now());\n        auto pos = std::lower_bound(logs_.begin(), logs_.end(), entry,\n            [](const LogEntry&amp; a, const LogEntry&amp; b) {\n                return a.getTimestamp() &lt; b.getTimestamp();\n            });\n        logs_.insert(pos, entry);\n    }\n\n    std::vector&lt;LogEntry&gt; getLogsSince(std::chrono::system_clock::time_point time) {\n        auto start = std::lower_bound(logs_.begin(), logs_.end(), time,\n            [](const LogEntry&amp; log, const auto&amp; timestamp) {\n                return log.getTimestamp() &lt; timestamp;\n            });\n        return std::vector&lt;LogEntry&gt;(start, logs_.end());\n    }\n\nprivate:\n    std::vector&lt;LogEntry&gt; logs_;\n};<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-10\">\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u4f7f\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u3061\u306a\u304c\u3089<code>lower_bound<\/code>\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;mutex&gt;\n#include &lt;shared_mutex&gt;\n#include &lt;thread&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u30bb\u30fc\u30d5\u306a\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u6e08\u307f\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\ntemplate&lt;typename T&gt;\nclass ThreadSafeVector {\npublic:\n    void insert(const T&amp; value) {\n        std::unique_lock&lt;std::shared_mutex&gt; lock(mutex_);\n        auto pos = std::lower_bound(data_.begin(), data_.end(), value);\n        data_.insert(pos, value);\n    }\n\n    bool find(const T&amp; value) const {\n        std::shared_lock&lt;std::shared_mutex&gt; lock(mutex_);\n        auto pos = std::lower_bound(data_.begin(), data_.end(), value);\n        return pos != data_.end() &amp;&amp; *pos == value;\n    }\n\n    std::vector&lt;T&gt; range_query(const T&amp; lower, const T&amp; upper) const {\n        std::shared_lock&lt;std::shared_mutex&gt; lock(mutex_);\n        auto start = std::lower_bound(data_.begin(), data_.end(), lower);\n        auto end = std::lower_bound(start, data_.end(), upper);\n        return std::vector&lt;T&gt;(start, end);\n    }\n\nprivate:\n    mutable std::shared_mutex mutex_;\n    std::vector&lt;T&gt; data_;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\nvoid thread_safe_example() {\n    ThreadSafeVector&lt;int&gt; safe_vector;\n\n    \/\/ \u8907\u6570\u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u64cd\u4f5c\n    std::thread writer([&amp;safe_vector]() {\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000; i++) {\n            safe_vector.insert(i);\n        }\n    });\n\n    std::thread reader([&amp;safe_vector]() {\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000; i++) {\n            safe_vector.find(i);\n        }\n    });\n\n    writer.join();\n    reader.join();\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u7528\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-29168968-a68d-423f-a853-455142792d0c\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa<\/th><th>\u63a8\u5968\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf<\/td><td>\u30d0\u30c3\u30c1\u51e6\u7406\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u983b\u7e41\u306a\u66f4\u65b0<\/td><td>\u66f4\u65b0\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u305f\u30d0\u30c3\u30d5\u30a1\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9<\/td><td>\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u6226\u7565\u306e\u63a1\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u5236\u7d04<\/td><td>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5236\u9650<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u4f8b\u306f\u3001<code>lower_bound<\/code>\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u3044\u304b\u306b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u304b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-11\">\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-12\">\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306e\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5f71\u97ff\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u3001\u6700\u9069\u5316\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u30d9\u30f3\u30c1\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;chrono&gt;\n#include &lt;random&gt;\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u8a08\u6e2c\u7528\u30e6\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\nclass Timer {\n    std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point start_;\npublic:\n    Timer() : start_(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now()) {}\n\n    double elapsed() const {\n        auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();\n        return std::chrono::duration&lt;double, std::milli&gt;(end - start_).count();\n    }\n};\n\n\/\/ \u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u69cb\u9020\nstruct alignas(64) OptimizedData {  \/\/ \u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5883\u754c\u306b\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\n    int key;\n    \/\/ \u30d1\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u3088\u308a\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5883\u754c\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\n    char padding[60];  \/\/ 64\u30d0\u30a4\u30c8 - sizeof(int)\n\n    bool operator&lt;(const OptimizedData&amp; other) const {\n        return key &lt; other.key;\n    }\n};\n\n\/\/ \u30d9\u30f3\u30c1\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u95a2\u6570\nvoid benchmark_memory_access() {\n    constexpr size_t DATA_SIZE = 1000000;\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; normal_data;\n    std::vector&lt;OptimizedData&gt; optimized_data;\n\n    \/\/ \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u6e96\u5099\n    normal_data.reserve(DATA_SIZE);\n    optimized_data.reserve(DATA_SIZE);\n\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; DATA_SIZE; i++) {\n        normal_data.push_back(i * 2);\n        optimized_data.push_back(OptimizedData{i * 2});\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u901a\u5e38\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u3067\u306e\u691c\u7d22\n    Timer t1;\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000; i++) {\n        volatile auto it = std::lower_bound(\n            normal_data.begin(), \n            normal_data.end(), \n            DATA_SIZE \/ 2\n        );\n    }\n    double normal_time = t1.elapsed();\n\n    \/\/ \u6700\u9069\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u306e\u691c\u7d22\n    Timer t2;\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; 1000; i++) {\n        volatile auto it = std::lower_bound(\n            optimized_data.begin(), \n            optimized_data.end(), \n            OptimizedData{DATA_SIZE \/ 2}\n        );\n    }\n    double optimized_time = t2.elapsed();\n\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Normal vector: \" &lt;&lt; normal_time &lt;&lt; \"ms\\n\";\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Optimized structure: \" &lt;&lt; optimized_time &lt;&lt; \"ms\\n\";\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u6700\u9069\u5316\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-d57d1fdd-1888-40f0-ad00-a2dced602d6f\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6700\u9069\u5316\u9805\u76ee<\/th><th>\u52b9\u679c<\/th><th>\u5b9f\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/td><td>\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30df\u30b9\u524a\u6e1b<\/td><td>alignas\u6307\u5b9a\u5b50\u306e\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u5c40\u6240\u6027<\/td><td>\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30d2\u30c3\u30c8\u7387\u5411\u4e0a<\/td><td>\u95a2\u9023\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u8fd1\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30d7\u30ea\u30d5\u30a7\u30c3\u30c1<\/td><td>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u5f85\u3061\u524a\u6e1b<\/td><td>\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30e9\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u6d3b\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30d9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u30ea\u30b6\u30fc\u30d6<\/td><td>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u518d\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u9632\u6b62<\/td><td>reserve()\u306e\u9069\u5207\u306a\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-13\">\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30d5\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30fc\u306a\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306e\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u5229\u7528\u306f\u3001<code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306e\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;memory&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30d5\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30fc\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u69cb\u9020\ntemplate&lt;typename T&gt;\nclass CacheFriendlyVector {\n    static constexpr size_t BLOCK_SIZE = 64 \/ sizeof(T);  \/\/ \u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\n\n    struct Block {\n        std::array&lt;T, BLOCK_SIZE&gt; data;\n        size_t size = 0;\n        std::unique_ptr&lt;Block&gt; next;\n    };\n\npublic:\n    void insert(const T&amp; value) {\n        if (!head_ || head_-&gt;size == BLOCK_SIZE) {\n            auto new_block = std::make_unique&lt;Block&gt;();\n            new_block-&gt;next = std::move(head_);\n            head_ = std::move(new_block);\n        }\n\n        \/\/ \u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u5185\u3067\u306elower_bound\n        auto pos = std::lower_bound(\n            head_-&gt;data.begin(),\n            head_-&gt;data.begin() + head_-&gt;size,\n            value\n        );\n\n        \/\/ \u8981\u7d20\u306e\u633f\u5165\n        std::copy_backward(\n            pos,\n            head_-&gt;data.begin() + head_-&gt;size,\n            head_-&gt;data.begin() + head_-&gt;size + 1\n        );\n        *pos = value;\n        head_-&gt;size++;\n    }\n\n    template&lt;typename U&gt;\n    bool find(const U&amp; value) const {\n        for (const Block* block = head_.get(); block; block = block-&gt;next.get()) {\n            auto it = std::lower_bound(\n                block-&gt;data.begin(),\n                block-&gt;data.begin() + block-&gt;size,\n                value\n            );\n            if (it != block-&gt;data.begin() + block-&gt;size &amp;&amp; *it == value) {\n                return true;\n            }\n        }\n        return false;\n    }\n\nprivate:\n    std::unique_ptr&lt;Block&gt; head_;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u6700\u9069\u5316\u306e\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\nvoid optimization_examples() {\n    \/\/ 1. \u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3066\u691c\u7d22\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; data(1000000);\n    auto start = data.begin();\n    auto end = start + 1000;  \/\/ \u6700\u521d\u306e1000\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u307f\u3092\u691c\u7d22\n\n    auto it = std::lower_bound(start, end, 500);\n\n    \/\/ 2. \u30d0\u30a4\u30ca\u30ea\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u306e\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8\u63d0\u4f9b\n    if (data.size() &gt; 1000 &amp;&amp; *data.begin() &lt;= value &amp;&amp; \n        *(data.begin() + 999) &gt;= value) {\n        \/\/ \u6700\u521d\u306e1000\u8981\u7d20\u5185\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5224\u660e\n        auto it = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.begin() + 1000, value);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u9069\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u52b9\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u6539\u5584: 20-30%\u306e\u6027\u80fd\u5411\u4e0a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30d2\u30c3\u30c8\u7387\u306e\u5411\u4e0a: 15-25%\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u524a\u6e1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u524a\u6e1b: \u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf10-20%\u524a\u6e1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5316\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u6271\u3046\u5834\u5408\u306b\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-14\">\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u30d0\u30b0\u3068\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-15\">\u7bc4\u56f2\u6307\u5b9a\u30df\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30bb\u30b0\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u306b\u3088\u304f\u906d\u9047\u3059\u308b\u554f\u984c\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u304c\u3001\u7bc4\u56f2\u6307\u5b9a\u306e\u30df\u30b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u4e3b\u306a\u554f\u984c\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;cassert&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u554f\u984c\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3068\u4fee\u6b63\u4f8b\nvoid demonstrate_range_issues() {\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; data = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};\n\n    \/\/ \u554f\u984c1: \u7a7a\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u64cd\u4f5c\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; empty_vec;\n    \/\/ NG: \u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u52d5\u4f5c\n    \/\/ auto it1 = std::lower_bound(empty_vec.begin(), empty_vec.end(), 10);\n\n    \/\/ \u4fee\u6b631: \u4e8b\u524d\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\n    if (!empty_vec.empty()) {\n        auto it1 = std::lower_bound(empty_vec.begin(), empty_vec.end(), 10);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u554f\u984c2: \u7bc4\u56f2\u5916\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\n    \/\/ NG: \u7bc4\u56f2\u5916\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\n    \/\/ auto it2 = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.begin() + 10, 30);\n\n    \/\/ \u4fee\u6b632: \u7bc4\u56f2\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\n    size_t offset = 3;\n    if (offset &lt;= data.size()) {\n        auto it2 = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.begin() + offset, 30);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u554f\u984c3: \u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7121\u52b9\u5316\n    auto it3 = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.end(), 30);\n    data.push_back(60);  \/\/ \u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\n    \/\/ NG: \u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\n    \/\/ std::cout &lt;&lt; *it3 &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n\n    \/\/ \u4fee\u6b633: \u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u518d\u53d6\u5f97\n    it3 = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.end(), 30);\n}\n\n\/\/ \u5b89\u5168\u306a\u5b9f\u88c5\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\ntemplate&lt;typename Container, typename T&gt;\nauto safe_lower_bound(Container&amp; container, const T&amp; value) \n    -&gt; typename Container::iterator \n{\n    if (container.empty()) {\n        return container.end();\n    }\n    return std::lower_bound(container.begin(), container.end(), value);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-16\">\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u30df\u30b9\u3068\u5bfe\u51e6\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u30df\u30b9\u306f\u5fae\u5999\u306a\u30d0\u30b0\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;string&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u554f\u984c\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u4f8b\u3068\u4fee\u6b63\nclass Product {\npublic:\n    Product(std::string name, double price) \n        : name_(std::move(name)), price_(price) {}\n\n    const std::string&amp; getName() const { return name_; }\n    double getPrice() const { return price_; }\n\nprivate:\n    std::string name_;\n    double price_;\n};\n\n\/\/ \u554f\u984c4: \u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\n\/\/ NG: \u63a8\u79fb\u5f8b\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u306a\u3044\u6bd4\u8f03\nbool bad_compare(const Product&amp; a, const Product&amp; b) {\n    \/\/ \u6d6e\u52d5\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f03\u306f\u5371\u967a\n    return a.getPrice() &lt; b.getPrice();\n}\n\n\/\/ \u4fee\u6b634: \u9069\u5207\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\nbool good_compare(const Product&amp; a, const Product&amp; b) {\n    \/\/ \u30a4\u30d7\u30b7\u30ed\u30f3\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u6d6e\u52d5\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u6bd4\u8f03\n    constexpr double epsilon = 0.0001;\n    return (a.getPrice() + epsilon) &lt; b.getPrice();\n}\n\n\/\/ \u554f\u984c5: \u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\n\/\/ NG: \u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u304c\u6b20\u5982\nclass BadPriceComparator {\npublic:\n    bool operator()(const Product&amp; a, double price) const {\n        return a.getPrice() &lt; price;\n    }\n    \/\/ \u9006\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u304c\u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\n};\n\n\/\/ \u4fee\u6b635: \u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\nclass GoodPriceComparator {\npublic:\n    bool operator()(const Product&amp; a, double price) const {\n        return a.getPrice() &lt; price;\n    }\n    bool operator()(double price, const Product&amp; a) const {\n        return price &lt; a.getPrice();\n    }\n};\n\nvoid demonstrate_comparison_issues() {\n    std::vector&lt;Product&gt; products = {\n        Product(\"A\", 100.0),\n        Product(\"B\", 200.0),\n        Product(\"C\", 300.0)\n    };\n\n    \/\/ \u554f\u984c\u306e\u3042\u308b\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\n    \/\/ NG: \u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u306a\u7d50\u679c\n    \/\/ auto it1 = std::lower_bound(products.begin(), products.end(), \n    \/\/     Product(\"\", 200.0), bad_compare);\n\n    \/\/ \u4fee\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\n    auto it2 = std::lower_bound(products.begin(), products.end(), \n        Product(\"\", 200.0), good_compare);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u30d0\u30b0\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u5bfe\u7b56\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-0ea43c6c-4b88-4d0c-bd5e-5efd11acbc03\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u30d0\u30b0\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/th><th>\u75c7\u72b6<\/th><th>\u5bfe\u7b56<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u7bc4\u56f2\u6307\u5b9a\u30df\u30b9<\/td><td>\u30bb\u30b0\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8<\/td><td>\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u4e8b\u524d\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u7121\u52b9\u5316<\/td><td>\u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u52d5\u4f5c<\/td><td>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u518d\u53d6\u5f97<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u4e0d\u5099<\/td><td>\u8aa4\u3063\u305f\u7d50\u679c<\/td><td>\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u5b9f\u88c5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u578b\u5909\u63db\u306e\u554f\u984c<\/td><td>\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/td><td>\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306a\u578b\u5909\u63db<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30ea\u30fc\u30af<\/td><td>\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u67af\u6e07<\/td><td>\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u306e\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u30c7\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d7\u30e9\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30a2\u30b5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u524d\u6761\u4ef6\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u691c\u8a3c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6bd4\u8f03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u5b9f\u65bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u76e3\u8996<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u78ba\u8a8d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5bfe\u7b56\u3092\u9069\u5207\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001<code>lower_bound<\/code>\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3092\u672a\u7136\u306b\u9632\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-17\">\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308bSTL\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-18\">upper_bound\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3068\u6d3b\u7528\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>lower_bound<\/code>\u3068<code>upper_bound<\/code>\u306f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3067\u7570\u306a\u308b\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\nvoid demonstrate_bounds_difference() {\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; data = {10, 20, 20, 20, 30, 40};\n\n    \/\/ lower_bound\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\n    auto lower = std::lower_bound(data.begin(), data.end(), 20);\n    \/\/ upper_bound\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\n    auto upper = std::upper_bound(data.begin(), data.end(), 20);\n\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"First position &gt;= 20: \" &lt;&lt; (lower - data.begin()) &lt;&lt; \"\\n\";\n    \/\/ Output: 1 (\u6700\u521d\u306e20\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e)\n\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"First position &gt; 20: \" &lt;&lt; (upper - data.begin()) &lt;&lt; \"\\n\";\n    \/\/ Output: 4 (\u6700\u5f8c\u306e20\u306e\u6b21\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e)\n\n    \/\/ \u8981\u7d20\u306e\u51fa\u73fe\u56de\u6570\u3092\u6570\u3048\u308b\n    size_t count = upper - lower;\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Number of 20s: \" &lt;&lt; count &lt;&lt; \"\\n\";\n    \/\/ Output: 3\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7bc4\u56f2\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u4f8b\ntemplate&lt;typename Container, typename T&gt;\nstruct Range {\n    typename Container::iterator begin;\n    typename Container::iterator end;\n\n    size_t size() const { return std::distance(begin, end); }\n    bool empty() const { return begin == end; }\n};\n\ntemplate&lt;typename Container, typename T&gt;\nRange&lt;Container, T&gt; find_range(Container&amp; container, const T&amp; value) {\n    return {\n        std::lower_bound(container.begin(), container.end(), value),\n        std::upper_bound(container.begin(), container.end(), value)\n    };\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u306e\u6307\u91dd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-05dd4856-ab2a-4651-90c3-18ee9a262c6c\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u95a2\u6570<\/th><th>\u4f7f\u7528\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3<\/th><th>\u7279\u5fb4<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>lower_bound<\/td><td>\u5024\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u63a2\u3059<\/td><td>\u91cd\u8907\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u958b\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>upper_bound<\/td><td>\u5024\u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u3044\u6700\u521d\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u63a2\u3059<\/td><td>\u91cd\u8907\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u7d42\u4e86\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>equal_range<\/td><td>\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u5883\u754c\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408<\/td><td>\u91cd\u8907\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u4e00\u5ea6\u306b\u53d6\u5f97<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"i-19\">binary_search\u3068equal_range\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;\n#include &lt;vector&gt;\n\n\/\/ \u5404\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u6d3b\u304b\u3057\u305f\u5b9f\u88c5\u4f8b\nclass SearchUtility {\npublic:\n    \/\/ \u5b58\u5728\u78ba\u8a8d\u3060\u3051\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\n    template&lt;typename Container, typename T&gt;\n    static bool exists(const Container&amp; container, const T&amp; value) {\n        return std::binary_search(container.begin(), container.end(), value);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\n    template&lt;typename Container, typename T&gt;\n    static auto find_first(Container&amp; container, const T&amp; value) {\n        return std::lower_bound(container.begin(), container.end(), value);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u53d6\u5f97\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\n    template&lt;typename Container, typename T&gt;\n    static auto find_all(Container&amp; container, const T&amp; value) {\n        return std::equal_range(container.begin(), container.end(), value);\n    }\n};\n\n\/\/ \u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\nvoid practical_usage_example() {\n    std::vector&lt;int&gt; data = {10, 20, 20, 20, 30, 40};\n\n    \/\/ \u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa1: \u5024\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u78ba\u8a8d\u306e\u307f\n    if (SearchUtility::exists(data, 20)) {\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Value 20 exists\\n\";\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa2: \u6700\u521d\u306e\u51fa\u73fe\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\n    auto first = SearchUtility::find_first(data, 20);\n    if (first != data.end() &amp;&amp; *first == 20) {\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; \"First 20 at position: \" &lt;&lt; (first - data.begin()) &lt;&lt; \"\\n\";\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa3: \u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u51fa\u73fe\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\n    auto [begin, end] = SearchUtility::find_all(data, 20);\n    std::cout &lt;&lt; \"Found \" &lt;&lt; (end - begin) &lt;&lt; \" occurrences of 20\\n\";\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5404\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u7279\u6027\u6bd4\u8f03\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"id-9535a664-2d61-4148-b607-57f49608e14e\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6a5f\u80fd<\/th><th>binary_search<\/th><th>lower_bound<\/th><th>upper_bound<\/th><th>equal_range<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u8a08\u7b97\u91cf<\/td><td>O(log n)<\/td><td>O(log n)<\/td><td>O(log n)<\/td><td>O(log n)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8fd4\u308a\u5024<\/td><td>bool<\/td><td>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf<\/td><td>\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf<\/td><td>pair&lt;\u30a4\u30c6\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf&gt;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e3b\u306a\u7528\u9014<\/td><td>\u5b58\u5728\u78ba\u8a8d<\/td><td>\u4e0b\u9650\u63a2\u7d22<\/td><td>\u4e0a\u9650\u63a2\u7d22<\/td><td>\u7bc4\u56f2\u53d6\u5f97<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><td>\u6700\u5c0f<\/td><td>\u6700\u5c0f<\/td><td>\u6700\u5c0f<\/td><td>\u3084\u3084\u5927\u304d\u3044<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u9078\u629e\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u5b58\u5728\u78ba\u8a8d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>binary_search \u3092\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f4d\u7f6e\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306b\u6700\u9069<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u633f\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>lower_bound \u3092\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u9806\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u305f\u633f\u5165\u306b\u6700\u9069<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>equal_range \u3092\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u91cd\u8907\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u6700\u9069<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u6bd4\u8f03<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul 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